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$\quad$$\quad$“The Heart of the Matter”, the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report’s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.

$\quad$$\quad$《问题的核心》，美国艺术与科学学院刚刚发布的报告，肯定人文和社会科学对美国自由民主的繁荣和安全的重要性是值得赞扬的。然而令人遗憾的是，该报告未能解决自由教育面临的危机的真实本质，这可能弊大于利。

$\quad$$\quad$In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by “federal，state and local government, universities，foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others” to “maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education”. In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Science .Among the commission’s 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.

$\quad$$\quad$2010年，国会民主党和共和党领袖致信AAAS，要求其确定“联邦、州和地方政府、大学、基金会、教育工作者、个人捐助者和其他方面”可以采取的行动，以“保持国家在人文和社会科学学术和教育方面的卓越表现”。 作为回应，美国科学院成立了人文和社会科学委员会。该委员会的51名成员中有顶级大学校长、学者、律师、法官、企业高管以及来自外交、电影、音乐和新闻领域的知名人士。

$\quad$$\quad$The goals identified in the report are generally admirable .Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy; stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students’ ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.

$\quad$$\quad$报告中确定的目标总体上是令人钦佩的。由于代议制政府以公民知情为前提，该报告支持普及教育;强调对历史和政府的研究，特别是美国历史和美国政府;并鼓励使用新的数字技术。为了鼓励创新和竞争，该报告呼吁增加研究投资，精心设计连贯的课程，以提高学生在21世纪解决问题和有效沟通的能力，增加对教师的资助，鼓励学者用他们的学识来应对当今的巨大挑战。该报告还主张加强外语学习、国际事务以及扩大海外留学项目。

$\quad$$\quad$Unfortunately, despite 2.5 years in the making, “The Heart of the Matter” never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities. The commission ignores that for several decades America’s colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing “progressive,” or left-liberal propaganda.

$\quad$$\quad$不幸的是，不幸的是，尽管花了两年半的时间，《问题的核心》却从未触及问题的核心:我们领先的学院和大学的人文教育狭隘的本质。委员会忽视了这样一个事实:几十年来，美国的学院和大学培养出的毕业生不了解人文教育的内容和特点，因此被剥夺了它的好处。可悲的是，曾经在校园里的探究精神已经被人文和社会科学作为宣传“进步”或左翼自由主义的工具所取代。

$\quad$$\quad$Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas-such as free markets and self-reliance-as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and something legitimate, intellectual investigation.

$\quad$$\quad$今天，教授们通常把对历史的进步解释和进步的公共政策作为恰当的研究主题，同时把保守或古典的自由主义思想(如自由市场和自力更生)描绘成超出常规界限的、合法的、理性的研究。

$\quad$$\quad$The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.

36 According to Paragraph 1, what is the author’s attitude toward the AAAS’s report?

[A] Critical

批判性      正确

[B] Appreciative

赞同

[C] Contemptuous

持有怀疑

[D]Tolerant

容忍

37 Influential figures in the congress required that the AAAS report on how to

[A] define the government’s role in education

在教育领域发挥政府的作用

[B] safeguard individuals’ rights to education

保卫教育方面的个人权利

[C] retain people’s interest in liberal education

 保持人们对自由教育的兴趣

[D] keep a leading position in liberal education

在自由教育方面起到带头作用      正确

38 According to paragraph 3, the report suggests

[A] an exclusive study of American history.

美国历史的排他性研究

[B] a greater emphasis on theoretical subjects.

 更加强调理论主题

[C] the application of emerging technologies.

 新兴技术的应用        正确

[D] funding for the study of foreign languages.

 为外语研究提供资金

39 The author implies in paragraph 5 that professors are

[A] supportive of free markets

支持自由市场

[B] conservative about public policy.

对公众政策持保守态度

[C] biased against classical liberal ideas.

 对古典自由主义思想有偏见的      正确

[D] cautious about intellectual investigation.

对智力调查很谨慎

40 Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

[A] Ways to Grasp “The Heart of the matter”

把握《问题的本质》的方法

[B] Illiberal Education and “The Heart of the Matter”

自由教育与《问题的核心》     正确

[C] The AAAS’s contribution to Liberal Education

AAAS协会对自由教育的贡献

[D] Progressive Policy vs Liberal Education

进步政策vs自由教育