本质
值域 0~10^9 个数 10^5 值域很大,但是值却很稀疏
a[i] 1 3 100 2000 500000
映射到 1 2 3 4 5(这就是离散化)
重点:去重(用库函数),如何找到a[i]的值(二分)
模板理解
vector<int> alls; // 存储所有待离散化的值
sort(alls.begin(), alls.end());//将所有值排序
alls.erase(unique(alls.begin(), alls.end()),alls.end());// 去掉重复元素
//unique:c++的库函数
// 二分求出x对应的离散化的值
int find(int x)//找到大于等于x的位置
{
int l = 0, r = alls.size() - 1;
while (l < r)
{
int mid = l + r >> 1;
if (alls[mid] >= x) r = mid;
else l = mid + 1;
}
return r + 1;//映射到1……n
}
相关题目
[原题链接](https://www.acwing.com/problem/content/804/)
#include < iostream >
#include < vector>
#include < algorithm >
using namespace std;
typedef pair< int, int > PII;
const int N = 300010;
int n, m;
int a[N], s[N];
vector< int > alls;
vector< PII > add, query;
int find(int x)
{
int l = 0, r = alls.size() - 1;
while (l < r)
{
int mid = l + r >> 1;
if (alls[mid] >= x) r = mid;
else l = mid + 1;
}
return r + 1;
}
vector< int >::iterator unique(vector< int > &a)
{
int j = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < a.size(); i ++ )
if (!i || a[i] != a[i - 1])
a[j ++ ] = a[i];
// a[0] ~ a[j - 1] 所有a中不重复的数
return a.begin() + j;
}
int main()
{
cin >> n >> m;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i ++ )
{
int x, c;
cin >> x >> c;
add.push_back({x, c});
alls.push_back(x);
}
for (int i = 0; i < m; i ++ )
{
int l, r;
cin >> l >> r;
query.push_back({l, r});
alls.push_back(l);
alls.push_back(r);
}
// 去重
sort(alls.begin(), alls.end());
alls.erase(unique(alls), alls.end());
// 处理插入
for (auto item : add)
{
int x = find(item.first);
a[x] += item.second;
}
// 预处理前缀和
for (int i = 1; i <= alls.size(); i ++ ) s[i] = s[i - 1] + a[i];
// 处理询问
for (auto item : query)
{
int l = find(item.first), r = find(item.second);
cout << s[r] - s[l - 1] << endl;
}
return 0;
}
写得好哇,清晰明了