楼上的大佬已经解释的很清楚了0.0
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main(){
int n,p,ans = 0,l,r;
cin >> n;
vector<int>arr(n);
for(int i = 0;i < n;i ++){
cin >> p;
arr[i] = p;
}
for(int i = 0;i < n;i ++){
l = r = arr[i];
for(int j=i;j<n;j++){
r = max(r,arr[j]);
l = min(l,arr[j]);
if(r-l==j-i)
ans++;
}
}
cout << ans;
return 0;
}